
The Home and the World
Early 20th-Century Indian Fiction
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Author
Bengali polymath, poet, and philosopher who became the first non-European Nobel laureate in Literature in 1913.
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Biography
Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941), affectionately revered as Gurudev, was an Indian polymath, poet, philosopher, playwright, composer, and visual artist who reshaped Bengali literature and music during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In 1913, Tagore became the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, awarded for the profound spiritual beauty, lyricism, and universal resonance of his English translation of Gitanjali (Song Offerings). A titan of the Bengal Renaissance, Tagore introduced new prose and verse forms and freed Bengali art from rigid classical constraints, while composing over two thousand songs that form the beloved repertoire of Rabindra Sangeet—including the national anthems of both India and Bangladesh. A passionate humanist and educational reformer, Tagore established Visva-Bharati University at Santiniketan to champion international cultural exchange and holistic learning. His visionary poetry, short stories, and essays stand as immortal monuments to human unity, spiritual freedom, and artistic transcendence.
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